A study was done on the indigenous mycological knowledge of the people of Mid-Western Uganda. Participatory rural appraisal techniques were used to capture information. Ninety respondents in the age group bracket of 30 years and above were purposively selected in the study. A total of 16 mushroom types were identified. All of the mushrooms were used as natural source of food. Some were used as medicine and for performing cultural festivals. From the medicinal and cultural perspective, Termitomyces microcarpus was the most important. For income generation both Termitomyces aurantiacus and Termitomyces microcarpus were reported by 18.9% and 21% of respondents respectively. Termitomyces microcarpus, Termitomyces tyleranus, Termitomyces aurantiacus, Termitomyces spps, Termitomyces eurrhizus and Termitomyces clypeatus were considered as priority mushrooms. Important medical conditions treated by mushrooms, habitat types where they were found, processing and storage methods of mushrooms and gender roles involved have been documented. Respondents under 50 years of age (41.8%) had scanty information about mushrooms. Some respondents above 50 years were reluctant to give full ethno-medicinal information. This study underscored a need to conduct a nationwide survey of wild mushrooms so as to provide necessary information for future research leading to newer novel pharmaceuticals and neutraceuticals
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