The use of herbal supplements in human beings has increased dramatically globally over the past 30 years. This study was designed to investigate the effect of prolonged administration of chaya plant (Cnidoscolus acotinifolus) extracts on the hematological parameters of adult male rabbits. The experiment was carried out at the Rabbitry Unit of the Teaching and Research Farm, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. Five treatments were administered including the control which is treatment 1 (corn oil), treatments 2, 3, 4, and 5 contained chaya plants extract at 50mg/kg, 100mg/kg, 250mg/kg and 500mg/kg respectively. A total of twenty-five adult male rabbits with average weight of 1.25±0.5kg were randomly assigned to the five oral administrative treatments such that each treatment has five animals housed in group. The animals were fed ad libitum with formulated diet daily at 08.00hr. The plant extract was administered 1hr after feeding the animals in the morning for the period of 14 days. Blood samples were collected on the 15th day from the jugular vein of the rabbits and analyzed for selected hematological parameters. There were no significant difference in the values of packed cell volume, haemoglobin, red blood cell, white blood cell, MCH and MCHC (P>0.05). Conversely, there was significant difference in the values of MCV, neutrophils, lymphocyte, eosinophils and platelets counts (P
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